Acronyms

A

• AAC = Augmented and Assisted Communication
• AAVE = African American Vernacular English
• ACL = Association for Computational Linguistics
• ACTFL = American Council on the Teaching of Foreign Languages
• ADJ = Adjective
• ADV = Adverb
• AF = Anglo-French
• AFNLP = Asian Federation of Natural Language Processing
• AI = Artificial Intelligence
• AL = Artificial Language
• ALPAC = Automated Language Processing Advisory Committee
• ALPS = Automated Language Processing System
• ART = Article
• AS = Anglo-Saxon
• ASL = American Sign Language
• ASR = Automatic Speech Recognition
• ATR = Advanced Tongue Root
• AUX = Auxiliary Verb/Auxiliary

B

• BE = Black English/Bilingual Education
• BEV = Black English Vernacular
• BICS = Basic Interpersonal Communication Skills
• BT = Baby Talk

C

• CA = Conversation Analysis/Contrastive Analysis
• CALL = Computer-Assisted Language Learning
• CALP = Cognitive Academic Language Proficiency
• CAP = Control Agreement Principle
• CAT = Computer Assisted/Aided Translation
• CD = Communicative Dynamism
• CDS = Child-Directed Speech
• CED = Collins English Dictionary
• CCG = Combinatory Categorial Grammar
• ChE = Chicano English
• CHILDES = Child Language Data Exchange System
• CHO = Chomeur
• CL = Computational Linguistics
• CLD = Cultural and Linguistic Diversity
• CLIL = Content and Language Integrated Learning
• CLT = Communicative Laguage Teaching
• COBUILD = Collins Birmingham University International Language Database
• COLING = International Conference on Computational Linguistics
• CP = Complementizer Phrase
• CSL = Chinese Sign Language
• CULT = Chinese Universty Language Translator
• CV = Cardinal Vowel/ Consonant-Vowel
• CVC = Consonant-Vowel-Consonant (letter order)

D

• D = Determiner
• DA = Discourse Analysis
• DAF = Delayed Auditory Feedback
• DBE = Developmental Bilingual Education
• DET = Determiner
• DO = Direct Object
• DP = Determiner Phrase
• DRS = Discourse Representation Structure
• DRT = Discourse Representation Theory
• DTE = Designated Terminal Element

E

• EACL = European chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics
• EBMT = Example-based machine translation
• ECM = Exceptional Case Marking
• ECP = Empty Category Principle
• EFL = English as a Foreign Language
• ELL = English Language Learner
• ELV = Ethnolinguistic Vitality
• EMG = Electromyograph
• EPG = Electropalatograph
• EQUI = Equi NP Deletion
• ESL = English as a Second Language
• ESOL = English for Speakers of Other Languages
• EST = Extended Standard Theory
• EURALEX = European Association for Lexicography

F

• F = French
• FAHQMT = Fully Automated High-Quality Machine Translation
• FFP = Foot Feature Principle
• FIS = Free Indirect Speech
• FL = Foreign Language
• FLES = Foreign Language in Elementary Schools
• FLL = Foreign-Language Learning
• FLT = Foreign-Language Teaching
• FSP = Free Indirect Speech

G

• G = German
• GB = Government and Binding Theory

H

• HAMT = Human Assisted/Aided Machine Translation
• HFC = Head Feature Convention
• HILT = High Intensity Language Training
• HLS = Home Language Survey
• HLT = Human Language Technologies
• HPSG = Head-Driven Phrase Structure Grammar

I

• IA = Item and Arrangement
• IC = Intermediate Constituent
• ICAME = International Computer Archive of Modern English
• ID = Immediate Dominance
• IE = Indo-European
• IEP = Intensive English Program
• IO = Indirect Object
• IPA = International Phonetic Alphabet
• IR = Information Retrieval
• IST = Information Society Technologies
• ISV = International Scientific Vocabulary

K

• KR = Knowledge Representation

L

• L = Latin
• L1,L2 = First Language, Second Language
• LAD = Language Acquisition Device
• LARSP = Language Assessment, Remediation, and Screening Procedure
• LCS = Lexical Component Structure
• LF = Logical Form
• LFG = Lexical Functional Grammar
• LG = Low German
• LIPOC = Language-Independent Preferred Order of Constituents
• LL = Late Latin
• LOC = Lcative
• LP Rule - Linear Precedence Rule
• LPC Synthesis = Linear Prediction Coefficient Synthesis
• LSA = Latent Semantic Analysis; Linguistic Society of America
• LSP = Language for Specific Purposes

M

• MAHT = Machine Assised/Aided Human Translation
• MD = Middle Dutch
• MDP = Minimal Distance Principle
• ME = Middle English
• MF = Middle French
• MHG = Middle High German
• ML = Medieval Latin
• MLA = Modern Language Association
• MLG = Middle Low German
• MLU = Mean Length of Utterance(s)
• MPD = Merriam-Webster Pocket Dicionary
• MRD = Machine-Readable Dictionary
• MT = Mechanical Translation/Machine Translation
• MW = Middle Welsh

N

• NAACL = North American chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics
• NCLRC = National Capital Language Resource Center
• NE = Named Entity
• NEALT = Northern European Association for Language Technology
• NER = Named Entity Recognition
• NGP = Natural Generative Phonology
• NL = New Latin
• NLG = Natural Language Generation
• NLP = Natural Language Processing
• NLU = Natural Language Understanding
• NML = National Museum of Language
• NOM = Nominative
• NORM = Non-mobile Older Rural Male
• NP = Noun Phrase
• NVC = Non-Verbal Communication

O

• OALD = Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary
• OCS = Old Church Slavic
• OE = Old English
• OED = Oxford English Dictionary
• OF = Old French
• OHG = Old High German
• OL = Old Latin
• ON = Old Norse
• OS = Old Saxon
• OW = Old Welsh

P

• PERF = Perfect/Perfective
• PF = Phonetic Form
• PGSS = Paget-Gorman Sign System
• POS = Part of Speech
• POV = Point of View
• PP = Prepositional Phrase
• PR = Preposition
• PREP = Preposition
• PRT = Particle
• PS = Phrase Structure
• PSG = Phrase Structure Grammar

Q

• QR = Quantifier Raising

R

• REST = Revised Extended Standard Theory
• RP = Received Pronunciation
• RT = Response Time/Reaction Time
• RTE = Recognising Textual Entailment
• RTN = Recursive Transition Network Grammar

S

• SAAD = Simple Active Affirmative Declaration
• SAE = Standard American English
• SC = Small Cluster/Strucural Change
• SCC = Strict Cycle Condition
• SD = Structural Description
• SFH = Semantic Feature Hypothesis
• SGML = Standard Generalized Markup Language
• SIL = Summer Institute of Linguistics
• SL = Second Language
• SLA = Second Language Acquisition/ Sign Language Associates, Inc.
• SLT = Spoken Language Translation
• SNS = Spanish for Native Speakers
• SPL = Sound Pressure Level
• SSG = Sonority Sequencing Generalization
• SSL = Spanish as a Second Language

T

• TAG = Tree-Adjoining Grammar
• TG = Transformational Grammar
• TINLAP = Theoretical Issues in Natural Language Processing
• TLA = Three-letter acronym
• TMI = Theoretical and Methodological Issues (in Machine Translation)
• T/V Forms = Tu/Vous Forms (from French 'tu' and 'vous' (respectively), and functionally corresponding pronouns in other languages where honorific use of the second person plural form in addressing a singular person is found)

U

• UC = Ultimate Constituent
• UDC = Unbounded Dependency Construction
• UG = Universal Grammar
• UPSID = University of California, Los Angeles, Phonological Segment Inventory Database

V

• VL = Vulgar Latin
• VOCA = Voice Output Communication Aid
• VOT = Voice Onset Time
• VP = Verb Phrase

W

• W = Welsh
• W3I = Merriam-Webster Third International Dictionary
• W7 = Merriam-Webster Seventh Collegiate Dictionary (Generally, Merriam-Webster Collegiate Dictionary, Nth Edition)
• WFR = Word Formation Rule
• WP = Word and Paradigm
• WSD = Word Sense Disambiguation