Temporal Information Extraction (State of the art)

TempEval 2007

• TempEval, Temporal Relation Identification, 2007: web page

TempEval 2010

• TempEval-2, Evaluating Events, Time Expressions, and Temporal Relations, 2010: web page

TempEval 2013

• TempEval-3, Evaluating Time Expressions, Events, and Temporal Relations, 2013: web page

Results

Task A: Temporal expression extraction and normalisation

The table shows the best result for each system. Different runs per system are not shown.

System name (best run)	Short description	Main publication	Identification						Normalisation		Overall score	Software	License
			Strict matching			Lenient matching			Accuracy
			Pre.	Rec.	F1	Pre.	Rec.	F1	Type	Value
HeidelTime (t)	rule-based	Stro ̈tgen et al., 2013	83.85	78.99	81.34	93.08	87.68	90.30	90.91	85.95	77.61	Download	GNU GPL v3
NavyTime (1,2)	rule-based	Chambers, 2013	78.72	80.43	79.57	89.36	91.30	90.32	88.90	78.58	70.97	-	-
ManTIME (4)	CRF, probabilistic post-processing pipeline, rule-based normaliser	Filannino et al., 2013	78.86	70.29	74.33	95.12	84.78	89.66	86.31	76.92	68.97	Demo & Download	GNU GPL v2
SUTime	deterministic rule-based	Chang et al., 2013	78.72	80.43	79.57	89.36	91.30	90.32	88.90	74.60	67.38	Demo & Download	GNU GPL v2
ATT (2)	MaxEnt, third party normalisers	Jung et al., 2013	90.57	69.57	78.69	98.11	75.36	85.25	91.34	76.91	65.57	-	-
ClearTK (1,2)	SVM, Logistic Regression, third party normaliser	Bethard, 2013	85.94	79.71	82.71	93.75	86.96	90.23	93.33	71.66	64.66	Download	BSD-3 Clause
JU-CSE	CRF, rule-based normaliser	Kolya et al., 2013	81.51	70.29	75.49	93.28	80.43	86.38	87.39	73.87	63.81	-	-
KUL (2)	Logistic regression, post-processing, rule-based normaliser	Kolomiyets et al., 2013	76.99	63.04	69.32	92.92	76.09	83.67	88.56	75.24	62.95	-	-
FSS-TimEx	rule-based	Zavarella et al., 2013	52.03	46.38	49.04	90.24	80.43	85.06	81.08	68.47	58.24	-	-

Task B: Event extraction and classification

System name (best run)	Short description	Main publication	Identification			Attributes			Overall score	Software	License
			Strict matching			Accuracy
			Pre.	Rec.	F1	Class	Tense	Aspect
ATT (1)		Jung et al., 2013	81.44	80.67	81.05	88.69	73.37	90.68	71.88
KUL (2)		Kolomiyets et al., 2013	80.69	77.99	79.32	88.46	-	-	70.17
ClearTK (4)		Bethard, 2013	81.40	76.38	78.81	86.12	78.20	90.86	67.87	Download	BSD-3 Clause
NavyTime (1)		Chambers, 2013	80.73	79.87	80.30	84.03	75.79	91.26	67.48
Temp: (ESAfeature)		X, 2013	78.33	61.61	68.97	79.09	-	-	54.55
JU_CSE		Kolya et al., 2013	80.85	76.51	78.62	67.02	74.56	91.76	52.69
FSS-TimeEx		Zavarella et al., 2013	63.13	67.11	65.06	66.00	-	-	42.94

Clinical TempEval 2015

• Clinical TempEval 2015, Clinical TempEval, 2015: web page

Results

Time expressions

The table shows the best result for each system. Lower scoring runs for the same system are not shown.

System name (best run)	Short description	Main publication	Span			Class				Software	License
			P	R	F1	P	R	F1	A
Baseline: memorize	-	-	0.743	0.372	0.496	0.723	0.362	0.483	0.974	-	-
KPSCMI: run 1	Rule-based	-	0.272	0.782	0.404	0.223	0.642	0.331	0.819	-	-
KPSCMI: run 3	Supervised machine learning	-	0.693	0.706	0.699	0.657	0.669	0.663	0.948	-	-
UFPRSheffield-SVM: run 2	Supervised machine learning	-	0.741	0.655	0.695	0.723	0.640	0.679	0.977	-	-
UFPRSheffield-Hynx: run 5	Rule-based	-	0.411	0.795	0.542	0.391	0.756	0.516	0.952	-	-
BluLab: run 1-3	Supervised machine learning	-	0.797	0.664	0.725	0.778	0.652	0.709	0.978	-	-

Event expressions

The table shows the best result for each system. Lower scoring runs for the same system are not shown.

System name (best run)	Short description	Main publication	Span			Modality				Degree				Polarity				Type				Software	License
			P	R	F1	P	R	F1	A	P	R	F1	A	P	R	F1	A	P	R	F1	A
Baseline	Memorize	-	0.876	0.810	0.842	0.810	0.749	0.778	0.924	0.871	0.806	0.838	0.995	0.800	0.740	0.769	0.913	0.846	0.783	0.813	0.966	-	-
BluLab: run 1-3	Supervised machine learning	-	0.887	0.864	0.875	0.834	0.813	0.824	0.942	0.882	0.859	0.870	0.994	0.868	0.846	0.857	0.979	0.834	0.812	0.823	0.941	-	-

Temporal relations

The table shows the best result for each system. Lower scoring runs for the same system are not shown.

System name (best run)	Short description	Main publication	To Document Time			Narrative Containers						Software	License
			P	R	F1	P	R	F1	P	R	F1
Phase 1: text only
Baseline	Memorize	-	0.600	0.555	0.577	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Baseline	TIMEX3 to closest EVENT	-	-	-	-	0.368	0.061	0.104	0.400	0.061	0.106	-	-
BluLab: run 2	Supervised machine learning	-	0.712	0.693	0.702	0.080	0.142	0.102	0.094	0.179	0.123	-	-
Phase 2: manual EVENTs and TIMEX3s
Baseline	Memorize	-	-	-	0.608	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Baseline	TIMEX3 to closest EVENT	-	-	-	-	0.433	0.162	0.235	0.469	0.162	0.240	-	-
BluLab: run 2	Supervised machine learning	-	-	-	0.791	0.109	0.210	0.143	0.140	0.254	0.181	-	-

References

• UzZaman, N., Llorens, H., Derczynski, L., Allen, J., Verhagen, M., and Pustejovsky, J. Semeval-2013 task 1: Tempeval-3: Evaluating time expressions, events, and temporal relations. In Second Joint Conference on Lexical and Computational Semantics (*SEM), Volume 2: Proceedings of the Seventh International Workshop on Semantic Evaluation (SemEval 2013) (Atlanta, Georgia, USA, June 2013), Association for Computational Linguistics, pp. 1–9.
• Bethard, S. ClearTK-TimeML: A minimalist approach to tempeval 2013. In Second Joint Conference on Lexical and Computational Semantics (*SEM), Volume 2: Proceedings of the Seventh International Workshop on Semantic Evaluation (SemEval 2013) (Atlanta, Georgia, USA, June 2013), vol. 2, Association for Computational Linguistics, Association for Computational Linguistics, pp. 10–14.
• Stro ̈tgen, J., Zell, J., and Gertz, M. Heideltime: Tuning english and developing spanish resources for tempeval-3. In Second Joint Conference on Lexical and Computational Semantics (*SEM), Volume 2: Proceedings of the Seventh International Workshop on Semantic Evaluation (SemEval 2013) (Atlanta, Georgia, USA, June 2013), Association for Computational Linguistics, pp. 15–19.
• Jung, H., and Stent, A. ATT1: Temporal annotation using big windows and rich syntactic and semantic features. In Second Joint Conference on Lexical and Computational Semantics (*SEM), Volume 2: Proceedings of the Seventh International Workshop on Semantic Evaluation (SemEval 2013) (Atlanta, Georgia, USA, June 2013), Association for Computational Linguistics, pp. 20–24.
• Filannino, M., Brown, G., and Nenadic, G. ManTIME: Temporal expression identification and normalization in the Tempeval-3 challenge. In Second Joint Conference on Lexical and Computational Semantics (*SEM), Volume 2: Proceedings of the Seventh International Workshop on Semantic Evalu- ation (SemEval 2013) (Atlanta, Georgia, USA, June 2013), Association for Computational Linguistics, pp. 53–57.
• Zavarella, V., and Tanev, H. FSS-TimEx for tempeval-3: Extracting temporal information from text. In Second Joint Conference on Lexical and Computational Semantics (*SEM), Volume 2: Proceedings of the Seventh International Workshop on Semantic Evaluation (SemEval 2013) (Atlanta, Georgia, USA, June 2013), Association for Computational Linguistics, pp. 58–63.
• Kolya, A. K., Kundu, A., Gupta, R., Ekbal, A., and Bandyopadhyay, S. JU_CSE: A CRF based approach to annotation of temporal expression, event and temporal relations. In Second Joint Conference on Lexical and Computational Semantics (*SEM), Volume 2: Proceedings of the Seventh International Workshop on Semantic Evaluation (SemEval 2013) (Atlanta, Georgia, USA, June 2013), Association for Computational Linguistics, pp. 64–72.
• Chambers, N. Navytime: Event and time ordering from raw text. In Second Joint Conference on Lexical and Computational Semantics (*SEM), Volume 2: Proceedings of the Seventh International Workshop on Semantic Evaluation (SemEval 2013) (Atlanta, Georgia, USA, June 2013), Association for Computational Linguistics, pp. 73–77.
• Chang, A., and Manning, C. D. SUTime: Evaluation in TempEval-3. In Second Joint Conference on Lexical and Computational Semantics (*SEM), Volume 2: Proceedings of the Seventh International Workshop on Semantic Evaluation (SemEval 2013) (Atlanta, Georgia, USA, June 2013), Association for Computational Linguistics, pp. 78–82.
• Kolomiyets, O., and Moens, M.-F. KUL: Data-driven approach to temporal parsing of newswire articles. In Second Joint Conference on Lexical and Computational Semantics (*SEM), Volume 2: Proceed- ings of the Seventh International Workshop on Semantic Evaluation (SemEval 2013) (Atlanta, Georgia, USA, June 2013), Association for Computational Linguistics, pp. 83–87.
• Laokulrat, N., Miwa, M., Tsuruoka, Y., and Chikayama, T. UTTime: Temporal relation classification using deep syntactic features. In Second Joint Conference on Lexical and Computational Se- mantics (*SEM), Volume 2: Proceedings of the Seventh International Workshop on Semantic Evaluation (SemEval 2013) (Atlanta, Georgia, USA, June 2013), Association for Computational Linguistics, pp. 88– 92.

See also

• State of the art

External links

• TimexPortal