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        <title>Unfolding and Shrinking Neural Machine Translation Ensembles</title>
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        <namePart type="given">Felix</namePart>
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            <title>Proceedings of the 2017 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing</title>
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            <namePart type="given">Martha</namePart>
            <namePart type="family">Palmer</namePart>
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            <namePart type="given">Rebecca</namePart>
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        <name type="personal">
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    <abstract>Ensembling is a well-known technique in neural machine translation (NMT) to improve system performance. Instead of a single neural net, multiple neural nets with the same topology are trained separately, and the decoder generates predictions by averaging over the individual models. Ensembling often improves the quality of the generated translations drastically. However, it is not suitable for production systems because it is cumbersome and slow. This work aims to reduce the runtime to be on par with a single system without compromising the translation quality. First, we show that the ensemble can be unfolded into a single large neural network which imitates the output of the ensemble system. We show that unfolding can already improve the runtime in practice since more work can be done on the GPU. We proceed by describing a set of techniques to shrink the unfolded network by reducing the dimensionality of layers. On Japanese-English we report that the resulting network has the size and decoding speed of a single NMT network but performs on the level of a 3-ensemble system.</abstract>
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%0 Conference Proceedings
%T Unfolding and Shrinking Neural Machine Translation Ensembles
%A Stahlberg, Felix
%A Byrne, Bill
%Y Palmer, Martha
%Y Hwa, Rebecca
%Y Riedel, Sebastian
%S Proceedings of the 2017 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing
%D 2017
%8 September
%I Association for Computational Linguistics
%C Copenhagen, Denmark
%F stahlberg-byrne-2017-unfolding
%X Ensembling is a well-known technique in neural machine translation (NMT) to improve system performance. Instead of a single neural net, multiple neural nets with the same topology are trained separately, and the decoder generates predictions by averaging over the individual models. Ensembling often improves the quality of the generated translations drastically. However, it is not suitable for production systems because it is cumbersome and slow. This work aims to reduce the runtime to be on par with a single system without compromising the translation quality. First, we show that the ensemble can be unfolded into a single large neural network which imitates the output of the ensemble system. We show that unfolding can already improve the runtime in practice since more work can be done on the GPU. We proceed by describing a set of techniques to shrink the unfolded network by reducing the dimensionality of layers. On Japanese-English we report that the resulting network has the size and decoding speed of a single NMT network but performs on the level of a 3-ensemble system.
%R 10.18653/v1/D17-1208
%U https://aclanthology.org/D17-1208
%U https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/D17-1208
%P 1946-1956

Markdown (Informal)

[Unfolding and Shrinking Neural Machine Translation Ensembles](https://aclanthology.org/D17-1208) (Stahlberg & Byrne, EMNLP 2017)

• Unfolding and Shrinking Neural Machine Translation Ensembles (Stahlberg & Byrne, EMNLP 2017)

ACL

• Felix Stahlberg and Bill Byrne. 2017. Unfolding and Shrinking Neural Machine Translation Ensembles. In Proceedings of the 2017 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing, pages 1946–1956, Copenhagen, Denmark. Association for Computational Linguistics.